DETERMINATION OF SEASONAL CLIMATIC ELEMENTS INFLUENCING THE PREVALENCE OF MEASLES AND MALARIA IN URBAN KATSINA, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study examines the critical climatic elements that influence the prevalence of malaria and measles in Urban Katsina. The data used for this study were from secondary sources, including climatic variables obtained from NiMet at Umar Musa Yar’adua Airport, Katsina, malaria and measles data obtained from General Hospital Katsina and Federal Medical Center (FMC) Katsina, spanning 2012 to 2022. The data were analysed using the Stepwise Regression Model (SRM) to determine the key climatic elements that affect the occurrence of measles and malaria in each season. The findings indicate that the January maximum temperature (p-value = 0.056) significantly influences measles during the cold and dry season. April humidity (p-value = 0.046) significantly influences malaria during the hot and dry Season. June and August maximum temperature, September minimum temperature, September wind speed, and rainfall significantly influence malaria during the warm and wet season, with the following values: p-value = 0.017, 0.004, 0.003, 0.003, and 0.031, respectively, and August humidity and wind speed significantly influence measles prevalence during the warm and wet season with p-values of 0.010 and 0.013, respectively. The study concludes that temperature is the most critical climatic factor influencing disease prevalence across all four seasons. The findings recommend educating the public about the climatic factors that influence malaria and measles in each season to support prevention and control.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Abaje I.B., Onu V., Abashiya M., Oyatayo K.K., Ibrahim A.A., Ati O.F., & Sawa, B.A., (2017). Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment in the Northern Part of Katsina State, Nigeria: A Quantitative Approach. Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (DUJOPAS) 3 (1): 23
Abaje, I.B. (2007). Introduction to Soils and Vegetation. Kafanchan: Personal Touch Productions, ISBN: 978-073-102-4
Abaje, I.B. (2023). Geo-Statistical Analysis of Meteorological Drought and Recurrence Intervals in the Context of Climate Change Over Extreme Northeastern Region of Nigeria. Tanzania Journal of Science, 49 (1), 152–166. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v49i1.14
Abaje, I.B. & Ogoh, A.O. (2018). Rainfall Trends and Occurrence of Floods in Katsina State: Implications for Infrastructural Development. Osun Geographical Review, 1, 78-89
Akinbobola, A., & Hamisu, A.S. (2018). Predicting Measles Occurrence Using Some Weather Variables in Kano, North-western Nigeria. American Journal of Public Health Research, 6 (4):95-202
Alhaji, M. & Nasir, A. (2019). Impact of Climatic Variables on the Prevalence of Measles in Wudil Local Government, Kano State, Nigeria. Iconic Research and Engineering Journals 3(4): 113-115
Ali, M. S., & Hagos, Z. (2025). Climatic and environmental determinants of malaria prevalence in urban highland Ethiopia (2019 - 2023). The Intergovernmental Research and Policy Journal (IRPJ), 10(10): 1-13 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17357946
Brooker, S. L.T., Kolaczinski, K., Mohsen, E., Mehboob, N., Saleheen, S., Khudonazarov, J., Freeman, T., Clements, A., Rowland, M., & Kolaczinski, J. (2015). Spatial Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax, Afghanistan. Emer Infect Dis, ;12(10): 600-2
Dahiru, S., Abaje, I.B. & Ati, O.F. (2025). Relationship between Climatic Parameters and the Occurrence of Malaria and Measles in Urban Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria. Bima Journal of Science and Technology, 8 (4B), 260-270. Published by the Faculty of Science, Gombe State University (GSU), Gombe, Nigeria. Available online at https://journals.gjbeacademia.com/index.php/bimajst/article/view/1202/1038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56892/bima.v8i4B.1202
Dauda, U., Gulumbe, S.U., Yakubu, M. & Ibrahim, L.K. (2011). Monitoring of Infectious Diseases in Katsina and Daura Zones of Katsina State: A Clustering Analysis Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science 19 (1):31- 42
De, J.G. (1965). The survival of measles virus in air, in relation to the epidemiology of measles. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1965; 16:97-102; PMID:14322937; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01253797
De, Jong, J.G., & Winkler, K.C., (1965). Survival of measles virus in air. Nature 1964; 201:1054-5; PMID:14191599; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2011054a0
Duque,C.Lubinda,M., Matoba,J., Sing’anga,C., Stevenson,J. Shields,T. and Shiff,C.J.(2022). Impact of aerial humidity on seasonal malaria: an ecological study in Zambia. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1-12
El-Ladan, I.Y. (2017). Peasant Farmers Adaptation Strategies to Coping with Climate change in Jibia Northwest Katsina, Nigeria. British Jouurnal of Applied Scienc and Technology 20(2); 1-10
Federal Ministry of Health FMH, (2009). Strategic plan 2009-2013 “A road map for malaria control in Nigeria. Nigeria and national malaria control programme (NMCP), Abuja, Nigeria.17
Gobak,K.H., (2025). Influence of Climatic Elements on the Incidence of Malaria, Measles, Meningitis, and Pneumonia in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). African Journal of Geographical Sciences (AJGS) 6(1 & 2), (ISSN: 2786-9741; EISSN: 3043- 6656):79 – 85
Jia,Y., Xu,Q., Zhu, Y., Li,C., Qi,C., She, K., Liu,T., Zhang,Y., & Li,X.(2023). Estimation of the relationship between meteorological factors and measles using spatiotemporal Bayesian model in Shandong Province, China. BMC Public Health https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16350-96
Katsina State Ministry of Health (2013). Report on Diseases Prevalence in the Year 2012. Disease control Unit.; 17-23
Köppen, W. (1936). Das Geographische System der Klimate, Handbuch der Klimatologie (The Geographical System of the Climate, Handbook of Climatology). Borntraeger, Berlin, Bd. 1, Teil. C.
Kutter,J.S., Spronken, M.I., Fraaij, P.L., Fouchier, R., & Herfst, S. (2018).Transmis sion routes of respiratory viruses among humans. Curr Opin Virol.;28:142-51
Moss, W.J., & Griffin, D.E., (2012). Measles. Lancet; 379:153-64; PMID:21855993; org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62352-5 1110 http://dx.doi 19 - 23
Tukur, R. (2010). An Assessment of Domestic the Access, the use and the management of trees and shrubs in the Semi-urban fringe of Dutsin-Ma Area Katsina State. Unpublished MSc. Thesis, Department of Geography Bayero University Kano 37-42
Yang,Q., Fu,C. Wang,N., Dong,Z., Hu,W., & Wang,M., (2014). The effects of weather conditions on measles incidence in Guangzhou, Southern China, Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 10:4, 1104-1110, DOI: 10.4161/hv.27826